Is Gaming Disorder a Real Mental Health Condition According to the WHO?

Are you someone who spends hours on end playing video games? Do you feel like you can’t stop playing even if you want to? If so, you might be wondering if you have a gaming disorder. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), gaming disorder is a real mental health condition that can have serious consequences for your health and well-being. In this article, we’ll explore what the WHO has to say about gaming disorder and whether it’s a condition that you should be concerned about. So, grab a controller and let’s dive in!

What is Gaming Disorder?

Definition according to the WHO

Gaming disorder, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), is a pattern of persistent and recurrent gaming behavior that leads to significant impairment or distress in an individual’s personal, social, or professional life. The WHO has included gaming disorder in its latest edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), which was released in 2018.

The WHO defines gaming disorder as a “disorder of impulse control” that can be diagnosed when an individual meets a set of criteria, including:

• An excessive and prolonged period of playing video games or gaming, often to the point of neglecting other important activities, such as work, school, or social relationships.
• Continuation of gaming behavior despite negative consequences, such as job loss, relationship breakdown, or health problems.
• Preoccupation with gaming that is not related to any other psychiatric or medical condition.
• Impairment in personal, social, or professional functioning as a result of gaming behavior.

According to the WHO, gaming disorder is not caused by addiction to the substance, but rather the behavioral addiction to playing video games. The condition can affect individuals of all ages, genders, and cultures, and is believed to be more common in those who play massively multiplayer online games (MMOGs) or action video games.

While the inclusion of gaming disorder in the ICD-11 has been welcomed by some as a step towards recognizing the harms of excessive gaming, others have criticized the decision as being premature and lacking in scientific evidence. Despite this, the WHO’s definition of gaming disorder provides a useful framework for understanding the potential negative impacts of excessive gaming on an individual’s well-being.

Symptoms and behaviors associated with Gaming Disorder

Gaming disorder is a pattern of persistent and recurrent gaming behavior that becomes so extreme that it interferes with an individual’s daily life. This behavior pattern can manifest in various ways, and it is essential to identify the symptoms and behaviors associated with gaming disorder.

One of the primary symptoms of gaming disorder is the inability to control the amount of time spent playing video games. Individuals with gaming disorder may spend hours or even days playing video games, neglecting other essential aspects of their lives such as work, school, or personal relationships. This behavior can lead to significant impairment in social, occupational, or educational functioning.

Another common symptom of gaming disorder is the compulsion to play video games, even in the face of negative consequences. Individuals with gaming disorder may continue to play video games despite negative consequences such as physical health problems, relationship issues, or financial difficulties. This compulsion can lead to a decrease in the quality of life and can have long-term consequences.

People with gaming disorder may also experience withdrawal symptoms when they are unable to play video games. These symptoms can include irritability, anxiety, and depression. The individual may feel the need to play video games to alleviate these withdrawal symptoms, leading to a vicious cycle of addiction.

Furthermore, individuals with gaming disorder may experience a blunted response to real-life rewards and achievements. They may feel a sense of achievement and satisfaction only when playing video games, and this can lead to a decreased interest in activities that were previously enjoyable.

Overall, the symptoms and behaviors associated with gaming disorder can significantly impact an individual’s daily life and overall well-being. It is essential to recognize these symptoms and seek help if you or someone you know is struggling with gaming disorder.

The Controversy Surrounding Gaming Disorder

Criticisms of the WHO’s classification

The World Health Organization’s (WHO) classification of gaming disorder as a mental health condition has been met with significant criticism from various quarters.

Lack of Scientific Evidence

One of the primary criticisms of the WHO’s classification is the lack of scientific evidence supporting the existence of gaming disorder as a distinct mental health condition. Critics argue that there is no clear diagnostic criteria or empirical research to support the idea that excessive gaming can lead to a unique mental health problem.

Cultural and Ethical Concerns

Some critics argue that the WHO’s classification of gaming disorder may be influenced by cultural biases and moral panics surrounding video games. They suggest that the classification may be an attempt to pathologize a behavior that is common and normal among many young people, and that it may stigmatize gamers and restrict their freedom of choice.

Political and Economic Interests

Others have suggested that the WHO’s classification of gaming disorder may be influenced by political and economic interests. Some argue that the classification may be motivated by a desire to restrict the video game industry or to promote certain political agendas. They also point out that the classification may have negative economic consequences for the gaming industry and related businesses.

Inadequate Treatment and Prevention

Finally, critics argue that the WHO’s classification of gaming disorder may not lead to effective treatment or prevention strategies. They suggest that the classification may be premature and that more research is needed to understand the nature of the problem and to develop effective interventions.

Overall, the WHO’s classification of gaming disorder remains a controversial topic, with ongoing debates about the validity of the condition and its implications for mental health care and society at large.

Debates among mental health professionals

There is significant debate among mental health professionals regarding the classification of gaming disorder as a legitimate mental health condition. While some experts argue that excessive gaming can lead to addiction and other mental health issues, others contend that the available evidence does not support the inclusion of gaming disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5).

Some of the key arguments put forth by opponents of the inclusion of gaming disorder in the DSM-5 include:

• Lack of consensus: There is no clear consensus among mental health professionals regarding the diagnostic criteria for gaming disorder. Some experts argue that the criteria are too broad and could encompass a wide range of behaviors, while others contend that they are too narrow and do not capture the full scope of the problem.
• Limited research: There is limited research on the prevalence and impact of gaming disorder, and many experts argue that more research is needed before the condition can be considered a legitimate mental health disorder.
• Cultural differences: Some experts argue that the concept of gaming disorder may not be applicable across different cultures, as the ways in which people engage with video games can vary significantly depending on factors such as age, gender, and socioeconomic status.

Despite these concerns, proponents of the inclusion of gaming disorder in the DSM-5 argue that excessive gaming can have serious negative consequences for individuals and society as a whole, including impacts on physical and mental health, social relationships, and productivity. They also point to a growing body of research suggesting that excessive gaming can lead to addiction and other mental health issues, and argue that the inclusion of gaming disorder in the DSM-5 would provide a much-needed framework for identifying and treating individuals struggling with this issue.

Prevalence of Gaming Disorder

Global statistics

The prevalence of gaming disorder has been a topic of interest for researchers and healthcare professionals alike. According to a study conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of gaming disorder varies depending on the population studied.

• In a survey conducted by the WHO, it was found that approximately 1-3% of the general population is affected by gaming disorder.
• However, this figure may be higher in certain populations, such as adolescents and young adults, who are more likely to engage in excessive gaming.
• The prevalence of gaming disorder also varies across different regions of the world, with higher rates reported in Asian countries compared to Western countries.
• Studies have also shown that the prevalence of gaming disorder increases with the duration and intensity of gaming.
• Overall, the prevalence of gaming disorder is significant enough to warrant further research and attention from healthcare professionals.

Factors contributing to the prevalence of Gaming Disorder

The prevalence of Gaming Disorder is a topic of interest among researchers and healthcare professionals. Several factors have been identified as contributing to the development of this condition. These factors include:

• Accessibility: The widespread availability of gaming technology and the ease of access to games have made it easier for individuals to engage in excessive gaming. With the proliferation of mobile devices and the internet, games are now accessible to a wider audience than ever before.
• Sedentary lifestyle: The rise of sedentary lifestyles, characterized by prolonged periods of sitting and inactivity, has been linked to an increased risk of developing Gaming Disorder. As gaming is often a sedentary activity, individuals who spend a lot of time sitting may be more likely to develop a compulsion to game.
• Social isolation: Social isolation and a lack of face-to-face interaction have been identified as risk factors for Gaming Disorder. Many individuals turn to gaming as a way to escape from social isolation and to connect with others. However, excessive gaming can also lead to further social isolation and a lack of face-to-face communication.
• Mental health conditions: Mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and ADHD have been linked to an increased risk of developing Gaming Disorder. Individuals with these conditions may turn to gaming as a way to cope with their symptoms, but excessive gaming can exacerbate these conditions and lead to a vicious cycle of addiction.
• Personality traits: Certain personality traits, such as impulsivity and sensation-seeking, have been identified as risk factors for Gaming Disorder. Individuals with these traits may be more likely to engage in excessive gaming and develop a compulsion to game.

Overall, the factors contributing to the prevalence of Gaming Disorder are complex and interrelated. Understanding these factors is essential for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies for this condition.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Gaming Disorder

Criteria for diagnosing Gaming Disorder

The World Health Organization (WHO) included Gaming Disorder in its International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) in 2018. According to the WHO, Gaming Disorder is characterized by a pattern of persistent and recurrent gaming behavior that becomes so extreme that it takes priority over other interests and daily activities, leading to significant impairment or distress.

To be diagnosed with Gaming Disorder, an individual must meet the following criteria:

• The individual must have a persistent and recurrent pattern of gaming behavior that is characterized by a significant increase in the amount of time spent gaming, a preference for playing online games over other activities, and a continuation of gaming despite negative consequences.
• The individual’s gaming behavior must be associated with impaired personal, family, social, educational, or occupational functioning.
• The individual must experience significant distress or impairment in personal, family, social, educational, or occupational areas of functioning as a direct result of their gaming behavior.
• The individual’s gaming behavior must not be attributable to a substance use disorder or another mental health disorder.

It is important to note that Gaming Disorder is not a diagnosis that should be used casually or for individuals who simply enjoy playing video games. Rather, it is a diagnosis for individuals who have a serious problem with gaming that is causing significant harm to their lives.

Treatment options and their effectiveness

Treatment options for gaming disorder vary depending on the severity of the condition and the individual’s specific needs. Some of the most common treatment options include:

1. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT): CBT is a form of talk therapy that helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors. It can be effective in treating gaming disorder by helping individuals develop healthier coping mechanisms and learn how to manage their time and energy more effectively.
2. Medication: In some cases, medication may be prescribed to treat underlying mental health conditions that contribute to gaming disorder, such as depression or anxiety.
3. Self-help strategies: Individuals with gaming disorder can benefit from developing self-help strategies, such as setting limits on gaming time, engaging in physical activity, and spending time with friends and family.

The effectiveness of these treatment options varies depending on the individual and the severity of their condition. Some individuals may respond well to a combination of therapy and medication, while others may find self-help strategies to be sufficient. It is important to work with a healthcare professional to determine the best treatment plan for each individual.

Impact of Gaming Disorder on Individuals and Society

Personal consequences of Gaming Disorder

Gaming disorder, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), is a real mental health condition that can have severe personal consequences for those affected. The impact of gaming disorder on individuals and society can be far-reaching and significant.

One of the primary personal consequences of gaming disorder is the negative impact it can have on an individual’s physical health. Prolonged periods of sitting and poor nutrition can lead to weight gain, obesity, and related health problems such as diabetes and heart disease. In addition, a sedentary lifestyle can contribute to a lack of physical fitness and increase the risk of developing other health issues.

Another consequence of gaming disorder is the potential for social isolation. Individuals with gaming disorder may withdraw from social activities and become increasingly isolated, leading to a lack of social support and a decreased sense of belonging. This isolation can further exacerbate feelings of loneliness and depression, which are common among those with gaming disorder.

Financial problems are also a common consequence of gaming disorder. Individuals with gaming disorder may become preoccupied with gaming to the point where they neglect their responsibilities, leading to job loss, financial difficulties, and related stressors. This financial strain can further contribute to feelings of shame and low self-esteem, which can further perpetuate the cycle of gaming disorder.

Furthermore, gaming disorder can have a significant impact on an individual’s mental health. Individuals with gaming disorder may experience symptoms of anxiety, depression, and other mood disorders. In some cases, gaming disorder may even contribute to the development of more severe mental health conditions, such as psychosis.

In conclusion, the personal consequences of gaming disorder can be significant and far-reaching. It is essential to recognize the potential impact of gaming disorder on an individual’s physical, social, and mental health and to seek treatment as soon as possible to mitigate these consequences.

Societal effects of Gaming Disorder

Gaming disorder, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), is a serious and growing concern for both individuals and society. The impact of this condition is far-reaching and can have a profound effect on various aspects of life.

One of the most significant societal effects of gaming disorder is the economic impact. People who suffer from gaming disorder often neglect their work, school, or other responsibilities in favor of playing video games. This can lead to decreased productivity, absenteeism, and even job loss. In extreme cases, it can also lead to financial ruin and homelessness.

Another impact of gaming disorder on society is the strain it can put on relationships. People who suffer from gaming disorder may become isolated and withdraw from their friends and family, preferring to spend their time playing video games instead of engaging in social activities. This can lead to the breakdown of relationships and can even contribute to the breakup of families.

Furthermore, gaming disorder can also have a negative impact on physical health. People who spend long hours playing video games may neglect their exercise and nutrition, leading to weight gain, poor sleep habits, and other health problems. In extreme cases, it can also contribute to the development of other mental health conditions such as depression and anxiety.

Overall, the societal effects of gaming disorder are significant and far-reaching. It is essential for individuals, families, and society as a whole to recognize the signs of gaming disorder and seek help before it becomes too late.

Future Research and Developments

Potential advancements in diagnosis and treatment

Despite the controversy surrounding the recognition of gaming disorder as a legitimate mental health condition, there is ongoing research and development in the field that holds promise for improved diagnosis and treatment of this issue. Some potential advancements include:

Neuroimaging techniques

One promising area of research involves the use of neuroimaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), to better understand the neural mechanisms underlying gaming disorder. By identifying brain regions that are affected in individuals with gaming disorder, researchers may be able to develop targeted treatments that address the underlying brain dysfunction.

Biomarker identification

Another potential avenue for advancement involves the identification of biomarkers that can help identify individuals who are at risk for developing gaming disorder. Biomarkers could be used to screen individuals for the condition, allowing for earlier intervention and prevention of the disorder’s progression.

Personalized treatment approaches

As researchers gain a better understanding of the various factors that contribute to gaming disorder, it may be possible to develop personalized treatment approaches that are tailored to the individual needs of each patient. This could involve a combination of pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions, as well as lifestyle modifications and support groups.

Digital therapeutics

Given the prevalence of digital technology in the modern world, it is possible that digital therapeutics could play a role in the treatment of gaming disorder. Digital therapeutics are computer-based interventions that are designed to improve health outcomes by modifying behavior. They could potentially be used to help individuals with gaming disorder reduce their excessive gaming behavior and develop healthier habits.

In conclusion, while there is still much to be learned about gaming disorder and its treatment, there are promising avenues for future research and development. As our understanding of the condition grows, it is likely that we will see improved diagnosis and treatment options for individuals struggling with gaming disorder.

Importance of continued research on Gaming Disorder

While the World Health Organization’s (WHO) inclusion of Gaming Disorder in its International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) has sparked debate and interest, there is still much to be learned about this condition. Continued research on Gaming Disorder is essential to fully understand its impact on individuals and society.

Understanding the Causes and Risk Factors

One area that requires further investigation is the underlying causes and risk factors for Gaming Disorder. Researchers are still working to identify the specific factors that contribute to the development of this condition, including genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. By understanding these factors, healthcare professionals can better identify individuals who may be at risk for Gaming Disorder and develop targeted interventions to prevent its onset.

Identifying Effective Treatment Options

Another critical area for future research is identifying effective treatment options for Gaming Disorder. While some studies have suggested that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and other psychotherapeutic approaches may be helpful, more research is needed to determine the most effective treatments for this condition. Additionally, researchers need to explore the role of medications in treating Gaming Disorder and determine whether they are safe and effective for this population.

Investigating the Long-Term Consequences

Finally, there is a need for research to investigate the long-term consequences of Gaming Disorder. While some studies have suggested that individuals with Gaming Disorder may experience significant negative consequences, such as social isolation and financial problems, more research is needed to fully understand the impact of this condition on individuals and society. Additionally, researchers need to explore the potential impact of Gaming Disorder on other areas of life, such as work and relationships.

Overall, continued research on Gaming Disorder is essential to fully understand this condition and its impact on individuals and society. By identifying effective treatments and interventions, healthcare professionals can better support individuals with Gaming Disorder and prevent its onset in vulnerable populations.

FAQs

1. What is gaming disorder according to the WHO?

Gaming disorder is a condition identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) in which an individual engages in excessive and compulsive gaming behavior that leads to significant impairment or distress in their personal, social, or professional life. This condition is also known as “Gaming Addiction” or “Internet Gaming Disorder.”

2. When was gaming disorder added to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)?

Gaming disorder was added to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) in 2018 as a new diagnosis. The WHO added it as a condition for further study and research in the eleventh revision of the ICD (ICD-11).

3. What are the symptoms of gaming disorder?

The symptoms of gaming disorder can vary, but they typically include a persistent and recurrent pattern of excessive or compulsive gaming behavior that continues despite negative consequences. These consequences may include impaired personal relationships, work or school performance, and physical health. Individuals with gaming disorder may also experience feelings of guilt, shame, and anxiety related to their gaming behavior.

4. How is gaming disorder diagnosed?

Gaming disorder is diagnosed by a mental health professional, such as a psychologist or psychiatrist, based on a comprehensive evaluation of an individual’s gaming behavior and related symptoms. The diagnosis requires that the individual’s gaming behavior must be severe enough to cause significant impairment or distress in their personal, social, or professional life.

5. Is gaming disorder a common condition?

The prevalence of gaming disorder is not yet fully understood, as it is a relatively new diagnosis. However, studies suggest that it is a relatively rare condition, with estimates of the prevalence ranging from 0.01% to 0.35% of the general population. It is important to note that excessive gaming behavior does not necessarily mean that an individual has gaming disorder, and not all individuals who engage in excessive gaming behavior will develop the condition.

Gaming disorder now a disease according to WHO